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Quran reading
Read each Arabic word and say its meaning to yourself. Tap the word to show QUL's English under it. Tap it again to see its pieces, its root and its base form, named in the Quranic Arabic Corpus's terms. The pages follow the Indo-Pak 15-line mushaf, 610 pages, so a page here is a page in that print.
About this page
What are the sources?
Four, and nothing else:
- The Quranic Arabic Corpus (corpus.quran.com), version 0.4: a word-by-word grammatical analysis of the whole Quran, made by the Language Research Group at the University of Leeds (Kais Dukes, 2009 to 2017) and now maintained by the Quran.com team, under the GNU General Public License. It gives each word's pieces, tags, root and base form. The tag names and terms on this page are quoted from its documentation. We use the copy at github.com/mustafa0x/quran-morphology, which adds four tags (ADDR, DIST, ATT, NV) named only in its README.
- QUL, the Quranic Universal Library by Tarteel (qul.tarteel.ai): the Indo-Pak Arabic text (script 59) and the English under each word (word-by-word translation, resource 92), and the mushaf layout data for the Indo-Pak 15-line print (Qudratullah) that cuts the pages.
- Ibn Hishām, Mughnī al-Labīb ʿan Kutub al-Aʿārīb, edited by Māzin al-Mubārak and Muḥammad ʿAlī Ḥamd Allāh (Dār al-Fikr, Damascus, 6th edition, 1985). Digital text from al-Maktaba al-Shāmila (book 6972) via OpenITI (github.com/OpenITI/0775AH). Cited by page as a reference, not quoted.
- Edward William Lane, An Arabic-English Lexicon (London, 1863–93). Digital text from the Perseus Digital Library (Tufts University), as amended in github.com/quranic-research/lexicon_xml. Text provided by Perseus Digital Library, with funding from The U.S. Department of Education and The Max Planck Society. The panel quotes Lane's English word for word for the 18 particles Lane wrote full articles on, and says so plainly for the 12 he did not. Perseus's availability statement, verbatim: This text may be freely distributed, subject to the following restrictions:
- You credit Perseus, as follows, whenever you use the document: Text provided by Perseus Digital Library, with funding from The U.S. Department of Education and The Max Planck Society.
- You leave this availability statement intact.
- You offer Perseus any modifications you make.
How are the pages cut?
The words on each page are the words printed on that page of the Indo-Pak 15-line mushaf (Qudratullah print), taken from QUL's mushaf layout data. In that print every page ends at the end of an ayah, so no ayah is split across two pages here. The juz label follows the same print, which also sets the juz boundaries of the Huroof workbooks.
What happens when I tap a word?
The first tap shows QUL's English for the whole word in the box under it. The second tap opens a small canvas with the word in the middle. Tap the word there and it splits into its pieces: the prefix side on the right, the word in the middle, the suffix side on the left. Tap again and the pieces join back.
Is anything saved?
The meanings you have shown are kept in your browser's storage, one list per surah, and nowhere else. Open the same surah again and those meanings are still on show. The "Hide all meanings" button hides every meaning on the page and clears those words from that storage. Words of the same surah on other pages are left as they are. The last page you read is kept there too, shared with the word-by-word reader. Open either page without a page number in the link and it starts there.
What is on each side of the canvas?
The right side holds the pieces joined on in front and the left side the pieces joined on behind, each named with the Quranic Arabic Corpus's own tag or feature term. The middle holds the word itself: QUL's English for the whole word, the Quranic Arabic Corpus's terms for it, its base form (lemma) and its root letters.
What is a root?
The root is the Quranic Arabic Corpus's: its letters as the Quranic Arabic Corpus gives them. Tap the middle word to see the letters of the word that match the root highlighted, and the other base forms the Quranic Arabic Corpus lists under the same root. The other letters are not named.
Where does the data come from?
The Arabic is the Indo-Pak script as in the Huroof workbooks. The English meanings are the word-by-word translation from the Quranic Universal Library (QUL) by Tarteel. Piece names, terms, roots and base forms are quoted from the Quranic Arabic Corpus (corpus.quran.com): tag names from its tagset page and feature terms from its morphological features page (corpus.quran.com/documentation). Four tags in the copy of the Quranic Arabic Corpus we use are not on the website, so there only the copy's own README sentence is shown.
Does the page add its own explanations?
No. Every statement on the page is QUL's English, the Quranic Arabic Corpus's wording, Lane's English (quoted word for word), Ibn Hishām's page references, or a count, position or colour computed from them. Each view numbers its sources in the text and lists them at the bottom.
How is Ibn Hishām's Mughnī used?
The particle panel quotes Lane's English word for word. Ibn Hishām's Mughnī al-Labīb is kept as a reference only: where the book treats a particle, the panel says so and gives the page in the edition edited by Māzin al-Mubārak and Muḥammad ʿAlī Ḥamd Allāh (Dār al-Fikr, Damascus, 6th edition, 1985), as the OpenITI digital text records it. Nothing from the Mughnī is quoted, translated or summarised here.
It can still get things wrong
The Quranic Arabic Corpus's pieces, roots and base forms were matched to the Indo-Pak word boxes by script, with AI assistance, then checked by script and by eye. Some words may be split wrongly. If something looks wrong, please tell us.